Acknowledgments Introduction / Nancy Hogshead-Makar and Andrew Zimbalist part 1. Women's sports before Title IX Introduction Coming on strong, gender and sexuality in twentieth-century sports / Susan Cahn Heroines as well as heroes / Welch Suggs Didrikson was a woman ahead of her time / Larry Schwartz Sport is unfair to women (part 1) / Bil Gilbert and Nancy Williamson part 2. Staking a claim : the first decade Introduction Speech of Senator Birch Bayh to the New York women's political caucus Amendment to Title IX of the education amendments of 1972 Statement of Hon. Birch Bayh, a U.S. Senator from the state of Indiana, on the Tower Amendment Javits Amendment 1975 Title IX regulations A policy interpretation : Title IX and intercollegiate athletics United States District Court, d. Kansas : National Collegiate Athletic Association volume Joseph Califano and others (decided Jan. 9, 1978) Supreme Court of the United States : Geraldine G. Cannon volume University of Chicago and others (decided May 14, 1979) part 3. The initial backlash : the 1980s Introduction Supreme Court of the United States : Grove City College and others volume Terrel H. Bell and others (decided Feb. 28, 1984) Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987 Reducing the commercialization of intercollegiate athletics / Gary R. Roberts part 4. Accelerated pace : the 1990s Introduction Testing Title IX : Amy Cohen and Brown University / Andrew Zimbalist United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit: Amy Cohen and others volume Brown University and others (decided Nov. 21, 1996) 1996 clarification of intercollegiate athletics policy guidance : the three-part test Letter from the U.S. Department of Education to Bowling Green State University Women in Intercollegiate Sport : a longitudinal, national study, twenty-nine year update, 1977-2006 / Vivian Acosta and Linda Jean Carpenter Stronger women / Mariah Burton Nelson part 5. The second backlash : 2001-2008 United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia circuit: National Wrestling Coaches Association and others volume Department of Education (decided May 14, 2004) Tilting the playing field : schools, sports, sex and Title IX / Jessica Gavora A critique of Tilting the playing field : schools, sports, sex and Title IX / Nancy Hogshead-Makar What to do about Title IX / Andrew Zimbalist Open to all : Title IX at thirty Minority views on the report of the Commission on Opportunity in Athletics / Donna de Varona and Julie Foudy Limitations of the Department of Education's on-line survey method for measuring athletic interest and ability on U.S.A. campuses / Don Sabo and Christine Grant Bush administration uses stealth tactics to subvert Title IX / Andrew Zimbalist Football is a sucker's game / Michael Sokolove Title IX by the numbers / Andrew Zimbalist Index
